Long-term Monitoring of the ANTARES Optical Module Efficiencies Using $$^{40}\mathrm{{k}}$$ 40K Decays in Sea Water

A. Albert,M. André, M. Anghinolfi,G. Anton,M. Ardid,J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin,T. Avgitas,B. Baret,J. Barrios-Martí,S. Basa,B. Belhorma,V. Bertin,S. Biagi,R. Bormuth,J. Boumaaza,S. Bourret,M. C. Bouwhuis,H. Brânzaş,R. Bruijn,J. Brunner,J. Busto,A. Capone,L. Caramete,J. Carr,S. Celli,M. Chabab,R. Cherkaoui El Moursli,T. Chiarusi,M. Circella,J. A. B. Coelho,A. Coleiro,M. Colomer,R. Coniglione,H. Costantini,P. Coyle, A. Creusot,A. F. Díaz,A. Deschamps,C. Distefano,I. Di Palma,A. Domi,C. Donzaud,D. Dornic,D. Drouhin,T. Eberl,I. El Bojaddaini,N. El Khayati,D. Elsässer,A. Enzenhöfer,A. Ettahiri,F. Fassi,I. Felis,G. Ferrara,L. A. Fusco,P. Gay,H. Glotin,T. Grégoire,R. Gracia Ruiz,K. Graf,S. Hallmann,H. van Haren,A. J. Heijboer,Y. Hello,J. J. Hernández-Rey,J. Hößl,J. Hofestädt,G. Illuminati,C. W. James,M. de Jong,M. Jongen,M. Kadler,O. Kalekin,U. Katz,A. Kouchner,M. Kreter,I. Kreykenbohm,V. Kulikovskiy,C. Lachaud,R. Lahmann,D. Lefèvre,E. Leonora,G. Levi,M. Lotze,S. Loucatos,M. Marcelin,A. Margiotta,A. Marinelli,J. A. Martínez-Mora,R. Mele,K. Melis,P. Migliozzi,A. Moussa,S. Navas,E. Nezri,A. Nuñez,M. Organokov,G. E. Păvălaş,C. Pellegrino,P. Piattelli,V. Popa,T. Pradier,L. Quinn,C. Racca,N. Randazzo,G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa,M. Saldaña,I. Salvadori,D. F. E. Samtleben,M. Sanguineti,P. Sapienza,F. Schüssler,M. Spurio,Th. Stolarczyk,M. Taiuti,Y. Tayalati,A. Trovato,B. Vallage,V. Van Elewyck,F. Versari,D. Vivolo,J. Wilms,D. Zaborov,J. D. Zornoza,J. Zúñiga

European physical journal C, Particles and fields（2018）

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摘要

Cherenkov light induced by radioactive decay products is one of the major sources of background light for deep-sea neutrino telescopes such as ANTARES. These decays are at the same time a powerful calibration source. Using data collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope from mid 2008 to 2017, the time evolution of the photon detection efficiency of optical modules is studied. A modest loss of only 20% in 9 years is observed. The relative time calibration between adjacent modules is derived as well.

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