When we cannot have it all: Ecosystem services trade-offs in the context of spatial planning

•Stakeholder choices on ecosystem use are central in ES trade-off analysis.•ES trade-offs analysis needs to embrace the full complexity to be useful for spatial planning.•The impact of trade-offs is often related to the intensity of use of ecosystem.•Regulating ES are rarely the main focus of trade-offs, but often are more impacted than provisioning and cultural ES.•Responses to trade-offs depend on the level of influence and concern of stakeholders.