Effects of underwater ultrasound therapy on pain, inflammation, hand function and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis - a randomized controlled trial.

•Underwater ultrasound therapy is a useful procedure to treat inflammation in patients with RA.•Underwater ultrasound therapy is suitable to treat irregular body parts, because the transmission coefficient is high and the reflection is low in water.•The improvements were only observed in the short term (at the end of 2 weeks of treatment).