A 45- $mu$ W, 162.1-dBc/Hz FoM, 490-MHz Two-Stage Differential Ring VCO Without a Cross-Coupled Latch

An ultra-low-power, start-up and phase noise performance improved 2-stage differential ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is proposed. The proposed delay cell architecture reduces power consumption by eliminating the cross-coupling latch of the conventional ring VCO. Instead of the latch, the inverters in the proposed delay cell produce negative conductance by insertion of an additional RC n...