Formation of GeO 2 complex composed nanostructures by the vapor liquid solid method

In this work, we presented the synthesized results of GeO 2 complex composed nanostructures (nanobubbles (NBs) on sidewall of nanowires (NWs)) via the vapor liquid solid (VLS) method. By using a 20 nm of Au nano–film ( Au NF) catalyst, prepared by the conventional direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering deposition method, the GeO 2 NBs were randomly synthesized along the sidewall of GeO 2 NW based two thermal annealing modes in vacuum–furnaces (~10 −3 torr) with the diameter in the region conformed from 150 to 450 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicated the different crystalline phases of NB depended on annealing temperature (T 2 = 600 and 650 °C for (102) & (110) plane, respectively). Energy–dispersive x–ray (EDX) analysis results only showed oxygen (69.08%) and germanium (30.92%) of GeO 2 nanobubble. Also, bright blue emission peak at wavelength of 438 nm was observed from GeO 2 NB–NW–like structure at room temperature. This leads to applications of optoelectronic nanodevices. The detailed of NBs formation mechanism on NW was also discussed.