Is the Type of Hypertrophy Predictable by Its Stimulus?

Aims: Cardiac hypertrophy (cHyp) develops in response to a variety of stimuli. Pressure overload (PO) induced hypertrophy is considered pathological hypertrophy and is associated with heart failure. Exercise is considered to induce physiological hypertrophy because it is not associated with heart failure. In exercise increased mitochondrial function has been implicated and mitochondrial dysfunction is regarded as key mechanism in heart failure.