Fabrication of PEGylated fibrinogen: a versatile injectable hydrogel biomaterial.

Hydrogels are one of the most versatile biomaterials in use for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. They are assembled from either natural or synthetic polymers, and their high water content gives these materials practical advantages in numerous biomedical applications. Semisynthetic hydrogels, such as those that combine synthetic and biological building blocks, have the added advantage of controlled bioactivity and material properties. In myocardial regeneration, injectable hydrogels premised on a semisynthetic design are advantageous both as bioactive bulking agents and as a delivery vehicle for controlled release of bioactive factors and/or cardiomyocytes. A new semisynthetic hydrogel based on PEGylated fibrinogen has been developed to address the many requirements of an injectable biomaterial in cardiac restoration. This chapter highlights the fundamental aspects of making this biomimetic hydrogel matrix for cardiac applications.