Permanent Muscular Sodium Overload and Persistent Muscle Edema in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: a Possible Contributor of Progressive Muscle Degeneration
Journal of Neurology(2012)SCI 2区
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology | Department of Medical Physics in Radiology | Division of Neurophysiology
Abstract
To assess the presence and persistence of muscular edema and increased myoplasmic sodium (Na + ) concentration in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We examined eight DMD patients (mean age 9.5 ± 5.4 years) and eight volunteers (mean age 9.5 ± 3.2 years) with 3-tesla proton ( 1 H) and 23 Na density-adapted 3D-radial MR sequences. Seven DMD patients were re-examined about 7 months later without change of therapy. The eighth DMD patient was re-examined after 5 and 11 months under medication with eplerenone. We quantified muscle edema on STIR images with background noise as reference and fatty degeneration on T1-weighted images using subcutaneous fat as reference. Na + was quantified by a muscular tissue Na + concentration (TSC) sequence employing a reference containing 51.3 mM Na + with 5 % agarose. With an inversion-recovery (IR) sequence, we determined mainly the myoplasmic Na + . The normalized muscular 23 Na IR signal intensity was higher in DMD than in volunteers ( n = 8, 0.75 ± 0.07 vs. 0.50 ± 0.05, p < 0.001) and persisted at second measurement ( n = 7, 1st 0.75 ± 0.07, 2nd 0.73 ± 0.06, p = 0.50). When compared to volunteers (25.6 ± 2.0 mmol/l), TSC was markedly increased in DMD (38.0 ± 5.9 mmol/l, p < 0.001) and remained constant ( n = 7, 1st 37.9 ± 6.4 mmol/l, 2nd 37.0 ± 4.0 mmol/l, p = 0.49). Muscular edema (15.6 ± 3.5 vs. 6.9 ± 0.7, p < 0.001) and fat content (0.48 ± 0.08 vs. 0.38 ± 0.01, p = 0.003) were elevated in DMD when compared to volunteers. This could also be confirmed during follow-up ( n = 7, p = 0.91, p = 0.12). Eplerenone slightly improved muscle strength and reduced muscular sodium and edema. The permanent muscular Na + overload in all DMD patients is likely osmotically relevant and responsible for the persisting, mainly intracellular muscle edema that may contribute to the progressive muscle degeneration.
MoreTranslated text
Key words
23Na magnetic resonance imaging,Duchenne muscular dystrophy,Osmotic muscle edema,Fatty degeneration,Tissue Na+ concentration
PDF
View via Publisher
AI Read Science
AI Summary
AI Summary is the key point extracted automatically understanding the full text of the paper, including the background, methods, results, conclusions, icons and other key content, so that you can get the outline of the paper at a glance.
Example
Background
Key content
Introduction
Methods
Results
Related work
Fund
Key content
- Pretraining has recently greatly promoted the development of natural language processing (NLP)
- We show that M6 outperforms the baselines in multimodal downstream tasks, and the large M6 with 10 parameters can reach a better performance
- We propose a method called M6 that is able to process information of multiple modalities and perform both single-modal and cross-modal understanding and generation
- The model is scaled to large model with 10 billion parameters with sophisticated deployment, and the 10 -parameter M6-large is the largest pretrained model in Chinese
- Experimental results show that our proposed M6 outperforms the baseline in a number of downstream tasks concerning both single modality and multiple modalities We will continue the pretraining of extremely large models by increasing data to explore the limit of its performance
Try using models to generate summary,it takes about 60s
Must-Reading Tree
Example

Generate MRT to find the research sequence of this paper
Related Papers
1999
被引用78 | 浏览
2005
被引用137 | 浏览
2005
被引用107 | 浏览
2010
被引用1638 | 浏览
2008
被引用58 | 浏览
2010
被引用56 | 浏览
2009
被引用191 | 浏览
1978
被引用454 | 浏览
2006
被引用51 | 浏览
2011
被引用69 | 浏览
2005
被引用169 | 浏览
Data Disclaimer
The page data are from open Internet sources, cooperative publishers and automatic analysis results through AI technology. We do not make any commitments and guarantees for the validity, accuracy, correctness, reliability, completeness and timeliness of the page data. If you have any questions, please contact us by email: report@aminer.cn
Chat Paper
GPU is busy, summary generation fails
Rerequest