Massive Fermions in Lattice Gauge Theory

Physical Review D（1997）SCI 2区

UNIV ILLINOIS | FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB

Cited 475|Views41

Abstract

This paper presents a formulation of lattice fermions applicable to all quark masses, large and small. We incorporate interactions from previous light-fermion and heavy-fermion methods, and thus ensure a smooth connection to these limiting cases. The couplings in improved actions are obtained for arbitrary fermion mass m(q), without expansions around small- or large-mass limits. We treat both the action and external currents. By interpreting on-shell improvement criteria through the lattice theory's Hamiltonian, one finds that cutoff artifacts factorize into the form b(n)(m(q)a)[pa](sn) where p is a momentum characteristic of the system under study, s(n) is related to the dimension of the nth interaction, and b(n)(m(q)a) is a bounded function, numerically always of order 1 or less. In heavy-quark systems p is typically rather smaller than the fermion mass m(q). Therefore, artifacts of order (m(q)a)(s) do not arise, even when m(q)a greater than or similar to 1. An important by-product of our analysis is an interpretation of the Wilson and Sheikholeslami-Wohlert actions applied to nonrelativistic fermions.

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