A Low-Cost Built-In Redundancy-Analysis Scheme for Word-Oriented RAMs With 2-D Redundancy
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems(2011)
摘要
Built-in self-repair (BISR) techniques are widely used for repairing embedded random access memories (RAMs). One key component of a BISR module is the built-in redundancy-analysis (BIRA) design. This paper presents an effective BIRA scheme which executes the 2-D redundancy allocation based on a 1-D local bitmap. Two BIRA algorithms for supporting two different redundancy organizations are also proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed BIRA scheme can provide high repair rate (i.e., the ratio of the number of repaired memories to the number of defective memories) for the RAMs with different fault distributions. Experimental results show that the hardware overhead of the BIRA design is only about 2.9% for an 8192 × 64-bit RAM with two spare rows and two spare columns. Also, the ratio of the BIRA analysis time to the test time is only about 0.02% if the March-CW test is performed. Furthermore, a simulation flow is proposed to determine the size of the 1-D local bitmap such that the BIRA algorithm can provide the best repair rate using the smallest-size 1-D local bitmap.
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关键词
march-cw test,2d redundancy allocation,low-cost bira scheme,effective bira scheme,built-in self-repair (bisr),rams,random-access storage,local bitmap,redundancy organization,bisr module,random access memory,low-cost built-in redundancy-analysis scheme,bira algorithm,bira analysis time,built-in self-repair technique,word-oriented rams,bisr technique,proposed bira scheme,redundancy,1-d local bitmap,best repair rate,2-d redundancy allocation,word-oriented ram,maintenance engineering,1d local bitmap,bira design,2-d redundancy,fault distribution,built-in redundancy-analysis (bira),algorithm design,algorithm design and analysis,resource management,indexing terms,resource manager
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