I have spent my research career investigating the vascular physiology and pathophysiology of endothelial inflammatory mechanisms cells in tissue injury and their contributions to disease. In recent years, my laboratory has focused on stem cell protection and restitution of tissues against diverse forms of acute ischemic and inflammatory injury using both mouse models of stroke and inflammatory bowel disease and cell models derived from human and mouse tissues as well. The current proposal focuses on mechanisms underlying protection against stroke injury; our lab has a track history of studying forms of central nervous system vascular injury and blood brain barrier including a recent patent on protection against ischemic injury. We have also been funded to work in this area and perform all of the molecular analyses described in the current proposal using stem cells. We also use these stem cells in synthetic tissues and 3D printed models. In these endeavors I have been privileged to act as a mentor for many trainees who are now independent investigators.