Professor Waugh's interests are mainly in diabetes including incidence of type 1 in Scottish children, and trials including the REPOSE trial of insulin pumps and structured education, the DIAMONDS trial of different lasers in diabetic macular oedema, the EMERALDs trial of different methods of follow-up of treated diabetic eye disease, the PEARL pilot trial of earlier laser photocoagulation, and studies in gestational diabetes. He has been involved in many health technology assessments, mainly for NICE but also for National Screening Committee and Department of Health. Recent work has included photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy, the SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes, and autologous chondrocyte implantation. Past research experience includes screening topics including cervical screening (TOMBOLA trial), cystic fibrosis related diabetes, hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and for type 2 diabetes.