Dr. Santosham is internationally known for his work on oral rehydration therapy and childhood vaccines. Working in partnership with Native American communities, he has conducted numerous vaccine efficacy trials, including rotavirus vaccine, H. influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine, and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. . These vaccines now save 3 to 5 million lives a year in the US and abroad. In addition, Dr. Santosham worked with the White Mountain Apache to pioneer the use of oral rehydration solution (ORS), now known as “Pedialyte in the USA,” which has become the mainstay for preventing deaths from dehydration caused by infections. ORS has been estimated to have saved 60 million lives since the1980s. Dr. Santosham has become a global leader in the national and international dissemination of these public health strategies worldwide.