Hanan M Elnahas

Hypertension is an important risk factor that contributes to cardiovascular disorders. It is responsible for most morbidities and around 12.8% of the mortalities world-wide [1]. Carvedilol as a non-selective cardiac b-blocker, interacts with b-receptors to elevate cardiac output. In addition, it has vasodilating actions which are attributed mainly to its a1 blocking effect. Aside from hypertension, Carvedilol can be utilized in the management of congestive heart failure and angina pectoris and decreasing mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Carvedilol is rapidly absorbed after oral administration however, it possesses low oral bioavailability (25–30%) and high lipophilicity (Log P¼3.84) attributed to its poor dissolution (BCS class II) and he