Dr. Holland is especially interested in infectious diseases of the eye. In 1981, he was the first to describe the ophthalmic manifestations of AIDS. He has continued to be involved in the study of CMV retinitis and other AIDS-related ophthalmic problems. Dr. Holland also has a long-standing interest in ocular toxoplasmosis. He is currently working with investigators in Brazil, Europe, and the United States to understand the clinical features of ocular toxoplasmosis more thoroughly and to identify factors related to severity of disease. A third area of clinical and research interest is chronic anterior uveitis in children, as seen in those with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). He is currently investigating risk factors for development of vision-threatening complications in children with JIA-associated uveitis.