Professor Montgomery has made substantial contributions to the worldwide effort to map genomic regions contributing to risk for complex traits and diseases, including endometriosis, age at menarche and menopause, cancers of the reproductive tract, melanoma and inflammatory bowel disease. He is conducting systems genetics and functional studies to identify the genes and pathways affected by these genetic risk factors. His work has identified possible target genes and functional consequences of genetic risk factors in genomic regions associated with endometriosis providing novel insights into the causes of this important disease. He lead a consortium of leading endometriosis clinicians and researchers in Australia awarded a MRFF Frontiers in Health and Medical Science to develop earlier diagnosis and personalised treatments for endometriosis. He is co-leader of International Endometriois Genetics Consortium, Patron of the Endometriosis Association (QLD) Inc (QENDO) and has worked closely with QENDO, other patient groups, clinicians and politicians to help develop the National Action Plan for Endometriosis. He is on the Executive Committee of the National Endometriosis Clinical and Scientific Trials (NECST) Network.