Low’s research crosses the biological and social sciences, both in topics and journals.. Her biological and ecological research includes studies of toad skin secretions, the ecological tradeoffs of marsupialism, fish schooling, kangaroo foraging, the biology of sex differences, and the evolution of anisogamy. Other papers focus on anthropological, psychological and social issues, including: sexual attitudes and behavior in Thailand, sex roles in war and politics, more generally cross-cultural perspectives of women’s ecological and demographic constraints, reproductive behavior and the demographic transition in 19th century Sweden, the evolutionary role of body fat and ornamentation, and the role of unpredictability in risk taking.

Most of Low’s research sits at the intersection and cross influences of biology/ecology on the one hand and psychology/anthropology/social sciences on the other. Her interdisciplinary work often centers on ecological and cultural influences on mating and marriage systems, but it also includes a recent (co-authored) paper on the impact of psychological stress on fertility (PNAS, 2006), a book and papers on the evolution of sex differences, work on pathogen stress and marriage systems in traditional societies, and papers and an edited volume connecting natural ecosystems and human cultural/economic systems, with an emphasis on conservation, sustainability and optimal management.