New ACV variables discovered in the Zwicky Transient Facility survey
arxiv(2024)
摘要
The manifestation of surface spots on magnetic chemically peculiar (mCP)
stars is most commonly explained by the atomic diffusion theory, which requires
a calm stellar atmosphere and only moderate rotation. While very successful and
well described, this theory still needs to be revised and fine-tuned to the
observations. Our study aims to enlarge the sample of known photometrically
variable mCP stars (ACV variables) to pave the way for more robust and
significant statistical studies. We derive accurate physical parameters for
these objects and discuss our results in the framework of the atomic diffusion
theory. We studied 1314 candidate ACV variables that were selected from the
Zwicky Transient Factory catalogue of periodic variables based on light curve
characteristics. We investigated these objects using photometric criteria, a
colour-magnitude diagram, and spectroscopic data from the LAMOST and Gaia
missions to confirm their status as ACV variables. We present a sample of 1232
new ACV variables, including information on distance from the Sun, mass,
fractional age on the main sequence, fraction of the radius between the
zero-age and terminal-age main sequence, and the equatorial velocity and its
ratio to the critical velocity. Our results confirm that the employed selection
process is highly effcient for detecting ACV variables. We have identified 38
stars with v(equ) in excess of 150 km/s (with extreme values up to 260 km/s).
This challenges current theories that cannot explain the occurrence of such
fast-rotating mCP stars.
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