Effect of Service-Learning Physical Activity Programs on Kinesiology Students' Attitudes Toward People With Disabilities

Background: Service-learning (SL) programs have been shown to be effective for college students in developing positive attitudes toward people with disabilities (PWDs). Such positive attitudes are particularly important for Kinesiology (KIN) students as they are trained to become future health and fitness professionals. Purpose: The present study investigated the effect of a 10-week in-person versus virtual SL program on KIN students' attitudes toward PWD. Methodology/Approach: A pre- postintervention, three-way, analysis of variance was utilized. This 3 x 2 mixed model design was utilized to assess students' attitudes toward PWD with three independent variables (in-person program, virtual program, and control) on two dependent variables (pre and post). Findings/Conclusions: There was significant Group x Time interaction. The between-group comparison showed a significant increase in Attitudes Toward Disabled Person scale score in the in-person SL group (p < .05) compared to non-SL group. There were no significant differences in the virtual SL group. Implications: These results indicate that in-person SL is effective for improving students' attitudes toward PWD, whereas virtual programs may not be as effective as in-person. In-person SL programs for KIN students may positively improve their attitudes toward PWD thus ameliorating interpersonal skills and creating more inclusive health and fitness professionals. KIN programs should consider SL programs with an emphasis on PWDs.