Immunomodulatory Properties of Wound Fluid-Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Introduction MSC possess immunomodulatory properties that are mediated via direct cell-cell contacts but also by paracrine stimuli. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ or indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) can modify MSC in their effects and lead to an increase in immunosuppression. In the local postoperative environment, MSC and inflammatory cytokines converge, and it is still unclear whether the interaction of these components can influence the patients" clinical outcome.