Highlights of mainstream solar cell efficiencies in 2023

This article continues our highlights last two years[1,2]on the highest independently confirmed mainstream(silicon,perovskite,and organic)solar cell efficiencies in 2023.The world record power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the single-junction silicon and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells has reached over 27％and close to 34％,respectively,in 2023.We have also witnessed the rapid mass-production development of the silicon passivating contact and silicon back contact solar cells,as well as further progress with perovskite solar cells(PSCs).