Dissecting Mechanisms of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Efficacy in Disease.
Trends in Molecular Medicine（2024）
McMaster Univ | Western Univ | Univ Guelph | St Josephs Hlth Care | Lawson Hlth Res Inst
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as an alternative or adjunct experimental therapy for microbiome-associated diseases following its success in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDIs). However, the mechanisms of action involved remain relatively unknown. The term 'dysbiosis' has been used to describe microbial imbalances in relation to disease, but this traditional definition fails to consider the complex cross-feeding networks that define the stability of the microbiome. Emerging research transitions toward the targeted restoration of microbial functional networks in treating different diseases. In this review, we explore potential mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of FMT and future therapeutic applications, while revisiting definitions of 'dysbiosis' in favor of functional network restoration in rCDI, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), metabolic diseases, and cancer.
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Key words
fecal microbiota transplantation,bioenergetics,gut microbiota,dysbiosis
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