Two Memorable Dates in Seismology
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
130 years ago, Omori formulated the first law of earthquake physics. The
essence of the law is that the frequency of aftershocks decreases
hyperbolically over time. 100 years ago, Hirano doubted the universality of
Omori law and proposed a power law for the evolution of aftershocks. Our paper
is devoted to these two outstanding events, which played a significant role in
the development of seismology. The paper also contains a brief summary of the
modern approach to the construction of a phenomenological theory of
aftershocks. Within the framework of the phenomenological approach, the epoch
of harmonic evolution of the source, cooling down after the main shock, the
bifurcation of the source, the cumulative effect of a round-the-world echo, the
modulation of global seismicity by spheroidal oscillations of the Earth, mirror
triads, migration of aftershocks, and a number of other previously unknown
geophysical phenomena were discovered. It is emphasized that the
phenomenological theory has been formed in recent years on the basis of a
thorough analysis of the fundamental research of the pioneers who laid the
foundations of modern seismology. Keywords: earthquake, aftershock, Omori law,
Hirano-Utsu law, source deactivation, proper time, evolution equation.
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