Numerical study on zero-power operation strategy of radial gas wave refrigerator

Radial gas wave refrigerators uniquely integrate pressurization and refrigeration processes. This paper emphasizes optimizing the device's structure to reduce power consumption. It is beneficial for the application in large-flow scenarios or areas with limited power resources. A transient numerical analysis methodology is developed for precise simulation. The mechanism of power consumption is revealed through the lenses of gas force and angular momentum. Strategies including nozzle inclination and curved channel design are proposed. The optimization process is steered by the principles of the Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology. The main results are presented as follows. Optimal oblique incidence of the driving gas can reduce power consumption by up to 59.6%. Implementing a curved channel yields a maximum 71.2% reduction in shaft work. The device attains self-driven operation by combining the inclined port with the backward-curved arched channel. The optimal parameters identified are alpha = 120 degrees, beta = 60 degrees, and gamma = 50 degrees. With these settings, the device produces 85 W of power to counteract mechanical friction and improves refrigeration efficiency by 16.5% compared to traditional designs. This study lays the groundwork for the practical application of radial gas wave refrigerators.