Effects of TiB2 Content and Gradient Structure on Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of TiB2/Al7050 Composites

TiB2 particle reinforced Al7050 matrix homogeneous composites (HC), TiB2/Al7050 three-layer conventional linear gradient functionally gradient materials (TFGM), and TiB2/Al7050 five-layer functionally gradient materials with a bionic structure (FFGM) were successfully prepared using vacuum hot-pressed sintering (VHS) method. The effects of gradient structure and TiB2 particle content on the microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of these composites were investigated. The results demonstrate that the bending strength of all composites improves with the increase in TiB2 content. Comparatively, the bending strength of functionally gradient materials (FGM) are generally superior due to a combination of the interlayer strength of each layer, heterogeneous deformation-induced strengthening, strength-plasticity synergy of the whole material, and synergistic interlayer strengthening under strong bonding. Notably, the enhancements in bending strength and strain exhibited by FFGM are more pronounced, highlighting its "soft-hard interleaved" and "strong-tough complementary" structural pattern. The research provides valuable insights for the application and further development of FGM.