Current State of Three-Dimensional Printing for Simulation Training of Interventional Radiology Trainees

Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this review was to assess the use of three-dimensional (3D) printing in interventional radiology (IR) simulation experiences.Materials and Methods: A literature query was conducted in April 2020 for articles discussing 3D printing for simulations in numerous library databases using various search terms.Results: While trainee feedback is generally supportive of 3D printing within the field of IR, current applications utilizing 3D printed models are heterogeneous, reflecting a lack of best practices standards in the realm of medical education.Conclusions: Presently available literature endorses the use of 3D printing within IR. 3D printing has the potential to expand within the field, as it offers a straightforward, sustainable, and reproducible means for hands-on training that ought to be standardized.