Relationship between physical activity and adherence to the mediterranean diet with metabolic syndrome, hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and hypertensive waist

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is a very common clinical condition that includes a series of anthropometric, analytical and clinical alterations that result in an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes type 2. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in 1457 persons assessing the effect of physical activity determined with the IPAQ questionnaire and the Mediterranean diet assessed with the PREDIMED questionnaire on the values and prevalence of metabolic syndrome calculated with the NCEP ATPIII, IDF and JIS scales and the hypertriglyceridemic waist penotype and hypertensive waist determined with the NCEP ATPIII and IDF criteria. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome with the three scales, hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and hypertensive waist decreases as the level of physical activity determined with the IPAQ questionnaire increases. A decrease is also observed in people with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet compared to those with low adherence in both metabolic syndrome (also with the three scales) and in both waistlines. In the multivariate analysis, physical activity decreases the risk of metabolic syndrome, hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and hypertensive waist while high adherence to the Mediterranean diet only decreases the risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Both physical activity and the Mediterranean diet decrease the risk of metabolic syndrome, hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and hypertensive waist in the Spanish Mediterranean population.