Integration strategies and models to support transition and adaptation of culturally and linguistically diverse nursing staff into healthcare environments: An umbrella review

Aims: The aim of this umbrella review was to establish recent evidence on integration strategies and models to sup-port transition and adaptation of culturally and linguistically diverse nursing staff into healthcare environments.Design: Umbrella review conducted according to Joanna Briggs institute guidelines.Data sources: Data were collected from CINAHL, PubMed, Medic, ProQuest and Scopus electronic databases in 2021.Review methods: Two researchers simultaneously screened studies' eligibility by title, abstract and full text. Quality appraisal for the selected studies was assessed according to Joanna Briggs institute critical appraisal. Data were syn-thesized by conducting content analysis.Results: Twenty-seven reviews were included in the final synthesis. Strategies and models for supporting the tran-sition and adaptation of culturally and linguistically diverse nursing staff into healthcare environments were struc-tured as intra-organizational, sociocultural, and professional development. Intra-organizational strategies and models were unique to a particular organization and included policies and support, diversity, collegial and peer sup-port, employee treatment and workplace environment. Sociocultural strategies and models addressed social, cul-tural and group dynamics using cultural training, learning and support, social support and friendships, language and communication, and personal skills development. Professional development enhanced nursing competence, ability to practice and workplace professional development. This was supported through licensure and orientation to work, career and competence development, and workplace mentorship and preceptorship.Conclusion: There is a need to understand culturally and linguistically diverse nurses' needs and motivation to inte-grate, which is essential toward developing efficient integrational strategies and models. Strategies and models also need to support cultural and personal competence development of native nurses to aid efficient integration of cul-turally and linguistically diverse colleagues. Future studies can evaluate nursing workforce shortages and their im-plications on integration process.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).