Growth hormone inhibits adipogenic differentiation and induces browning in bovine subcutaneous adipocytes

•Growth hormone (GH) inhibits the differentiation of bovine subcutaneous adipocytes.•The inhibitory effect of GH on differentiation is stronger in the early stage.•GH promotes the browning and mitochondrial biogenesis of adipocytes.•STAT5B is activated in the differentiation and browning regulation of GH.