Role of lignocellulosic bioethanol in the transportation sector: limitations and advancements in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass

Ongoing industrialization and population explosion, utilization of nonrenewable energy resources (fossil fuels) in various sectors has been increasing day by day, which eventually increases the greenhouse gasses(GHGs) emission rapidly that prone to global warming. Fossil fuels derived petroleum products are one of the predominant sources in transportation sector as well as a major contributor of CO2 emissions. Therefore owing to the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and emission of GHGs concern, it is necessary to explore an alternative energy sources to conquer the transportation fuel requirement. In this regard, bioethanol is found to be one of the most potential and promising alternative biofuels for the automobiles and they gained a momentum in the transportation sector. Production of bioethanol from edible sources such as sugarcane, corn, wheat, and sugar beet is well-established processes but utilizing the edible sources for the production of biofuels can hit global food security. Therefore nonedible feedstocks, such as agriculture waste residues (generally lignocellulosic biomass), forest residues, and grassy materials, are the potential indelible renewable source for bioethanol production.