3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate (DMPP) Reduces Nitrogen Leaching in Three Tropical Soils and Improves the Agronomic Efficiency of Nitrogen Fertilizers Applied to Cotton

Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition(2022)

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Abstract
Nitrification inhibitors applied to soil could reduce nitrogen (N) fertilizer leaching losses by delaying the nitrification process via enhanced N fertilizer management. Thus, we investigated the agronomic efficiency of the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) applied in three tropical soils (Typic Quartzipsamment, Typic Hapludox and Rhodic Hapludox) cultivated with cotton plants, evaluating the fate of N (NH 4 + -N, NO 3 − -N, and total N in leached water and soil), N accumulation and N use efficiencies (agronomic, physiological, and recovery efficiencies). Five treatments were tested with each treatment consisting of two N sources applied, urea (U) and ammonium sulfate nitrate (ASN), either with or without DMPP application; an additional control treatment (absence of N application) was also tested. Leaching columns were used to assess NH 4 + -N and NO 3 − -N losses. DMPP improved the recovery efficiency from applied U and ASN fertilizers by reducing NO 3 − -N and NH 4 + -N leaching, leading to enhanced N acquisition from fertilizer and augmenting plant N accumulation and biomass. We found that agronomic efficiency in cotton plants increased from 4 to 52% with the DMPP + ASN source relative to ASN along the soil types. In addition, DMPP use increased agronomic efficiency from urea application from 32 to 91% relative to conventional urea. The use of DMPP would benefit from more urea than ASN mainly in sandy-textured soils, where the leaching losses were observed to be increased. The reduction in NO 3 − -N and NH 4 + -N losses highlights the potential of DMPP to mitigate the impact of N-based fertilizer application on N leaching, thereby improving agronomic efficiency, N uptake, and cotton growth–related responses under tropical soil conditions.
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Key words
Gossypium hirsutum L., Nitrate and ammonium leaching, Leaching column study, Urea, Ammonium sulfate nitrate
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