An Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Water Vapor Variation in the East Java Using Ground Based GPS Receivers

Water vapor plays a critical role in the global/regional scale of weather and climate changes. Traditionally, the water vapor measurement uses radiosonde balloons which are very sparse in the distribution. The utilization of GPS as a new method for studying water vapor has been studied in several publications. This research analyzed the precipitable water vapor (PWV) based on ground-based GPS receivers in the East Java region. In the first part, the datasets are compared. The Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) from GPS processing will be compared with the Zenith Path Delay from the International GNSS Service (IGS) results. The comparison of ZTD and ZPD shows a good agreement. The comparison of GPS PWV and Radiosonde shows a good agreement. The spatio-temporal of GPS PWV is correlated with the Monsoon Asian-Australian cycles that affect weather and climate in Indonesia. The result indicates that GPS data provide valuable information in meteorology and climatology.