Biomechanical comparison of 3 latissimus dorsi transfer sites for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty in the absence of teres minor

Latissimus dorsi transfer to all three sites in the setting of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and posterior rotator cuff deficiency resulted in large external rotation moments arms. The transferred LD shared the external rotation load and resulted in decreased deltoid forces and glenoid loading with very small differences between the three transfer sites. The posterodistal location reduced deltoid force and glenoid loading to a lower degree compared to other sites, but it also showed that it did not alter the tendon length compared to native shoulder.