Study on vertical mechanical properties of tyre based on hysteresis-rolling characteristics

A new tyre vertical vibration model is proposed for the determination of the tyre vertical mechanical properties. The tyre is simplified as a vibration system composed of several discrete belt elastic elements, mass elements, tread elastic elements and bending elements, and then the force equations of all elements are derived to obtain the theoretical model. The tyre model performance test (TMPT) data is used to identify model parameters and verify this model. The results show that this model can accurately simulate the radial modal test, vertical stiffness test on flat surface and vertical stiffness test on cleat. The hysteresis and rolling characteristics of the tyre are analysed by using this model. In the loading and unloading simulation, after changing from loading to unloading, the tyre vertical stiffness becomes larger, and the vertical force decreases faster, resulting in hysteresis loss. With the increase of the tyre speed, the centrifugal force, the tyre profile and the footprint increase, resulting in the increase of the tyre vertical force and hysteresis loss. The vertical force and hysteresis loss of the tyre change with the speed in a square relationship. The results show that this model can accurately describe the vertical mechanical properties of the tyre.