Automatic Generation Control in Deregulated Power Market Using Sunflower Optimization Algorithm

The restructuring of electrical power industries creates competitiveness among the market players, due to which the complexity of load frequency issues is gradually increasing in nature. So for mitigating these load frequency issues controllers are used. This chapter proposes automatic generation control (AGC) for two interconnected control areas, each consisting of two power generation sources, i.e. reheat steam turbine in conjunction with nonlinear generation rate constraint and gas turbine generation in a restructured market environment. Sunflower optimization (SFO) algorithm is used for optimal tuning of proportional, integral and derivative (PID) controller considering the integral square error as the objective function. For analysing the market dynamics, the concept of area participation matrix (APM) and DISCO participation matrix (DPM) has been simulated. The effectiveness of this two-area system has been tested with various market scenarios like poolco trading, bilateral trading and contract violation. The yield of the proposed algorithm shows better performance in contrast to the other methods used for tuning the PID controller.