Association of Lasiodiplodia Theobromae with Die-Back and Decline of Nutmeg As Revealed Through Phenotypic, Pathogenicity and Phylogenetic Analyses
3 biotech(2021)
摘要
Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a cosmopolitan pathogen geographically widespread in tropics and subtropics inciting economically important diseases on diverse plant genera. In the present study, Lasiodiplodia theobromae associated with nutmeg exhibiting die-back and declining symptoms was identified and characterized by adopting a polyphasic approach. The disease was characterized with the symptoms including general decline, water-soaking patches on branches and tree trunk, die-back of branches, necrotic lesions beneath water-soaked lesions and necrosis of vascular tissues. The isolates representing diverse nutmeg growing tracts were initially identified as Lasiodiplodia species based on macro- and micro-morphological characteristics. Subsequent analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial elongation factor 1-alpha ( EF1-α ) and β-tubulin ( β-tub ) genes identified the pathogen as Lasiodiplodia theobromae . Pathogenicity studies were proved on nutmeg twigs and branches (in vitro) as well as on saplings (in vivo). The present investigation enunciated the association of Lasiodiplodia theobromae with die-back and decline of nutmeg employing a polyphasic approach which warrants further investigations on its spatio-temporal distribution, pathogen diversity, weather–host–pathogen interaction and formulating prospective disease management strategies.
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关键词
Botryosphaeriaceae,Die-back,Decline,Endophyte,Internal transcribed spacer,Stress
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