Superamphiphobic surface with high aperture ratio interconnected pore structures for anti-condensation and repelling hot fluids

Pipeline transportation suffers from high-viscosity crude oil, wax-deposition, and hydrates blockage. Superamphiphobic surfaces with excellent repellency to various liquids have been proposed to solve those problems. However, they may lose superamphiphobicity once their micro-nanostructures were wetted by condensate droplets or hot fluids that require heat to improve liquidity. Here, we report a superamphiphobic P(HFIO) @SiO2@SS with a high aperture ratio pore structures (denoted as the PSSH) to resist water/oil-droplet-condensation and repel hot fluids. Its interconnected high aperture ratio pore structures and ultralow surface energy fluorinated side chains enhance the penetration resistance of droplets to micro-nanostructures and the driving force for condensate droplets to spontaneously roll away from its surface. Besides, it prevents crude oil (25 degrees C-72 degrees C) from sticking to its surface (25 degrees C), as well as molten paraffin droplets (104 degrees C) from adhering to the surface (104 degrees C), increasing the flow rate of 4-35 times. In addition, the PSSH reduces adhesive force to hydrates (3.2 degrees C) and wax (25 degrees C) by 92.1% and 89.4%, respectively. The PSSH demonstrates the great potential in handling pipeline blockage and improving the transport efficiency of fluids, offering alternative strategy to prepare superamphiphobic surfaces for oil and gas transportation, heat transfer, and other applications.