Insecticide resistance mechanisms in predatory mites

Predatory mites may occur in the agricultural areas naturally or be released intentionally to control target pests. However, the side effect of chemical pesticides on beneficial mites threatens the presence of such natural enemies. One of the major factors allowing them to survive after pesticide exposure is resistance development. Nevertheless, very little is known about mechanisms underlying resistance development in predatory mites. Increased knowledge of the resistance mechanisms may also lead to the generation of genetically improved resistant predatory mites offering long-term pest control, even under pesticide application. In this review, we summarize genetic, target-site and metabolic resistance mechanisms in predatory mites.