In vitro bioaccessibility of metals from tape tea - A low-cost emerging drug.

BACKGROUND:An in vitro physiologically relevant test based on the standard Unified Bioaccessibility Method (UBM) combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was performed in this study to ascertain the elemental bioaccessibility pools of tape tea as emerging low-cost abuse drug under fasted conditions. METHODS:Elemental quantification in tape tea and body fluid extracts was performed by an inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometer - ICP-MS, and for sample preparation of the bioaccessibility extracts prior to ICP-MS analysis, a microwave-assisted acid decomposition was applied by using a microwave oven. The Unified Bioaccessibility Method (UBM) was considered for investigation of elemental bioaccessibility in tape tea, required a full set of organic compounds, salts, and enzymes. RESULTS:Considering total element evaluation through ICP-MS, Co, Ni, Mn, and Zn are found at the highest concentrations in the sample, namely 415 ± 36, 202 ± 55, 1389 ± 225 and 2397 ± 197 μg L-1, respectively. Regarding the oral bioaccessibility test, after both gastric and gastrointestinal extractions Co, Ni, and Mn are fully bioaccessible while for Zn the bioaccessibility is ca. 66 %. CONCLUSION:According to the first results in the literature proposed for these samples, the bioaccessibility results indicate an increment in day-to-day total element concentration and depending on the concentration of each element that an individual consumes in its usual diet, the total concentration can exceed the TDI. There are several possible toxic effects caused by the excess of Co, Ni and Mn, which might be expected by their high total concentrations.