adolescents in Taiwan 1996 to 2006 among normal and overweight Prevalence and trend of dyslipidaemia from and

Correspondence to Professor Nain-Feng Chu; chuepi@ndmctsgh.edu.tw ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the trend of dyslipidaemia from 1996 to 2006 and examine its relationship with weight status among adolescents in Taiwan. Design: 2 cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 1996 and 2006. Setting: The junior high schools in Taipei. Participants: After multistage sampling, total of 1500 and 1283 junior high school students were chosen in 1996 and 2006. After excluding missing data, a total of 1353 (676 boys and 677 girls) and 1203 (585 boys and 618 girls) children were included in the final analyses in 1996 and 2006. Outcome measures: Anthropometric measures as body height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood lipid profiles as total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured. Results: From 1996 to 2006, the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia significantly increased from 13% (95% CI 11.3% to 15.0%) to 22.3% (95% CI 20.0% to 24.7%) and 6.2% (95% CI 5.0% to 7.6%) to 13.8% (95% CI 11.9% to 15.9%), respectively. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia and low HDL-C dyslipidaemia increased from 3% (95% CI 1.8% to 4.5%) to 4.3% (95% CI 2.8% to 6.2%) and 6.5% (95% CI 4.8% to 8.6%) to 11.6% (95% CI 9.1% to 14.5%), with significance seen only in boys. When compared with normal weight participants, overweight boys and girls faced a 2-fold and 1.6-fold increased risk of dyslipidaemia, respectively, in the 2006 study. The increased risk of low HDL-C dyslipidaemia for overweight participants was 2.6-fold and 7.2-fold in boys and girls, respectively. In 2006, each unit increment of BMI was associated with 28%, 13% and 13% risk of hypertriglyceridaemia, low HDL-C and dyslipidaemia for boys, and 25% risk of low HDL-C dyslipidaemia in girls. Conclusions: The prevalence of dyslipidaemia had increased significantly for boys and girls in normal weight and overweight adolescents. Early screening of dyslipidaemia and weight intervention programmes in adolescents will be the key to prevent dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular-related comorbidities. INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and accounts for 30% of all global deaths. The WHO predicts that, by 2030, CVD will account for 23.3 million deaths compared with the 17.3 million deaths seen in 2008. CVD is a group of disorders which affect the heart and/or the blood vessels. Disorders include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolisms, etc. In addition to age and gender, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, hyperglycaemia, cigarette smoking, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and obesity have been identified as risk factors for the prediction of development of CVD. Childhood obesity has also been identified as one of the most important risk factors of developing cardiometabolic diseases such as dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. The trends of obesity and Strengths and limitations of this study