Minimize the total power consumption of a 5 g heterogeneous network

Data traffic in cellular network is increasing rapidly, therefore power consumption is very essential. To improve the efficiency of a network we use a two tier heterogeneous network as we move to the 5G cellular network. 5G network are intended to provide significantly high data rate access and guaranteed quality-of-service. So when the data traffic in a Heterogenous network is high we use data offloading. Data offloading means when macro cell base station (MBS) is upsurge of data traffic then small cell base station (SBS) is used to offload the data. To reduce the total power consumption of a Heterogeneous network, we dynamically change the operation states (on and off) of the SBS while keeping the MBS on to avoid any service failure. We also studied about the various technique used for power consumption such as Base Station Switching and Cell Zooming. Cell zooming adaptively adjusts the cell size to solve the problem of traffic imbalance which reduce the power consumption. BS sleeping is used to save power by switching BSs between on or off.