Impact of the Type of Analgesic Therapy on Postsurgical Complications of Patients with Kidney Cancer Undergoing Nephrectomy

Background: The treatment of kidney cancer usually involves surgery, and in some cases systemic therapy. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to control postsurgical pain in patients undergoing nephrectomy for renal cancer. Nevertheless, the association between these drugs and adverse postsurgical outcomes, including deterioration of renal function, is not fully established. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients >18 years old with kidney cancer undergoing nephrectomy between January 2006 and January 2018. The primary endpoint was to determine the impact of postsurgical analgesic therapy (NSAIDs vs. acetaminophen) on renal function and postsurgical complications. This study was approved by our scientific and bioethical committee. Results: One hundred patients were included in the final analysis. Clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma was the most frequent histologic subtype. Adequate acute pain control was accomplished in 91% of the patients during hospitalization. Twenty percent of the patients presented postsurgical complications. Bleeding-related complications were the most frequent (9%), followed by surgical-site infection (6%) and acute renal injury (6%). The administration of NSAIDs was not related to any postsurgical complication in comparison with the use of acetaminophen (21.3 vs. 17.9%, respectively). The length of hospital stay did not differ between patients treated with NSAIDs and those treated with acetaminophen (the average stay was 4 days for both groups, p = 0.32). Conclusion: The use of NSAIDs was not related to acute kidney injury, postsurgical complications, or prolonged hospital stay in patients with renal cancer undergoing nephrectomy. (C) 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel