Anti-cancer Activity of the Cell Membrane-Permeable Phytic Acid Prodrug.

Phytic acid (IP6) is an ingredient in cereals and legumes, and limited amounts of this compound are considered to enter the cell and exert anti-cancer effects. These effects have been seen by studying cells treated with around 1-5 mM IP6. However, such a large amount of IP6 chelates metals and changes the pH in cell culture medium. To overcome this problem, we synthesized a prodrug of IP6 (Pro-IP6) and elucidated generation of IP6 from Pro-IP6 in cells. Cellular experiments using Pro-IP6 demonstrated selective anti-cancer effects including apoptosis and inhibition of Akt activation. Furthermore, an in vivo study using mice with adult T-cell leukemia also showed that Pro-IP6 reduced the size of the cancer. Taken together, Pro-IP6 is a useful biological tool and may lead to development of new anti-cancer drugs.