The Risk of Bacterial Endocarditis after Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation—A Meta-analysis of the Currently Available Valves

Background: Interventional percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) was first reported in 2000; today, two different valves are certified for this procedure (Medtronic Melody valve and Edwards Sapien valves). For a decade, studies have reported an increasing risk of bacterial endocarditis after PPVI; the published incidence however remains unclear.