Clinical Usefulness Of Diagnosis By Molecular Components In Mite Allergy

In patients allergic to mites IgE antibody test with a natural allergen extract does not reveal the nature of the sensitizing molecules. Polisensitization to House Dust Mites (HDM) and Storage Mites (SM) is frequently observed. The aim of this study is to define whether determination of molecular patterns of sensitization is useful for optimizing the diagnosis of these patients. 101 patients attending our outpatient clinic suffering rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma sensitized to mites were included. Skin prick test (SPT, ALK-Abelló) and specific IgE (ImmunoCAP) to the HDM Dermatophaghoides pteronyssinus and to the SM Lepidoglyphus destructor were done. In parallel, IgE to a panel of allergen components including Der p1, Der p2, Der f1, Der f2, Lep d2 and Der p10 (mite tropomyosin) were performed in the Advia Centaur platform. All subjects showed positive SPT and 99% positive IgE to D. pteronyssinus. In these patients 81.2% sensitization to Der p1 and 93.1% to Der p2 was found. SPT and specific IgE to L. destructor was positive in 84.2% and 85.1% respectively, although only 42.6% had sensitization to Lep d2. Positivity to Derp 10 was found in only 2% of patients. In mite allergy the molecular diagnosis does not always coincide with the diagnosis performed with natural extracts, especially in SM. We consider important to know the molecular components responsible for the sensitization, in order to provide a more accurate diagnosis and etiological treatment to our patients.