Hybrid Ameloblastoma in a Nigerian: Report of a Case and Review of Literature

Background: Hybrid Ameloblastoma is a rare type of ameloblastoma that is presently receiving attention in some quarters.Altogether, less than 30 cases have been reported in the scientific literature, thus calling for the need to report more cases in order to add to the body of knowledge on this lesion.This case report is aimed to add to the number of cases that are building up in the scientific literature.Materials and Methods: A 50-year-old female presented with a 3-year history of an anterior mandibular swelling extending from the body of the mandible on the right to the body of the mandible on the left.Orthopantomograph of the lesion revealed a mixed radiolucent and radiopaque lesion that extended from the distal region of the right mandibular second premolar to distal region of the left mandibular second molar.Segmental mandibulectomy with immediate replacement with reconstruction was undertaken.Results: Specimen which was subjected to histopathologic examination reported a diagnosis of Keratinizing Follicular Ameloblastoma and Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma with Osteoplasia, consistent with a diagnosis of Hybrid Ameloblastoma.There has been no sign of recurrence 7 months after a regular follow-up and the patient is planned for a long term follow-up.Conclusion: Besides histological details that combine both conventional ameloblastoma and desmoplastic ameloblastoma, the present case of hybrid ameloblastoma bears similar clinical features as well as treatment modalities to that of conventional solid multicystic ameloblastoma.