Sustainable nutrient management at field, farm and regional level: Soil testing, nutrient budgets and the trade-off between lime application and greenhouse gas emissions

•We surveyed 49 livestock farms in a county associated with agricultural pollution.•There was no evidence of large nutrient surpluses at farm or field level.•At county-level, liming would decrease nitrate leaching but increase GHG emissions.•No farmers used available tools for planning the level or timing of nutrient inputs.•Mitigating aquatic and atmospheric emissions requires improved tools and guidance.