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采油菌B36的室内研究

鞠玉芹,李希明,汪卫东,潘永强,蒋焱,李强,宋永亭,高光军

Oilfield Chemistry（2002）

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Abstract
从胜利油田油水样中分离出一珠细菌B36,该菌耐温耐盐性良好,能以烃类作为唯一的碳源.该菌50℃时在含有混合石蜡(＞C16原油馏分)及其他营养物的培养基中摇床培养12 h后,培养液中菌数高达7×105 个/mL,培养液表面张力由61 mN/m降至32 mN/m,pH值由7.0降至5.4.由培养36 h的上述培养液中分离出黄色粉末状表面活性物质,其产量为0.65 g/L,经鉴定为脂肽.该菌分别与原油和混合石蜡在不含混合石蜡的培养液中培养6 d后,含水原油50℃粘度由65.6 mPa·s降至15.3 mPa·s,60℃界面张力由30.6 mN/m降至1.2 mN/m,无水原油凝固点由44℃降至36℃,初馏点下降,终馏点升高,可馏出物(轻组分)由45.1%增至57.8%;混合石蜡2 d降解率为2.1%,6 d降解率达25.8%.B36是一种有应用前景的采油微生物.
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Key words
Acid production,Bacteria species screening/cultivation,Biosurfactant production,Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria,Microbe/crude oil interaction,Microorganism for oil recovery
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