An electron-insulating Li2O protection layer endowing a Li–Cu–Zn ternary alloy composite anode with high performance

We report an electron-insulating layer of Li2O nanoparticles passivating a Li-rich Li–Cu–Zn ternary alloy as an advanced Li anode. The insulating layer ensures Li deposition below the top protective layer and inhibits side reactions effectively. Additionally, the ternary alloy framework offers superior lithiophilicity and robust mechanical stability. Galvanostatic measurements demonstrate a prolonged lifespan of symmetric cells for over 1200 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mA h cm−2.