Numerical modeling of a novel hybrid system composed of tubiform solid oxide fuel cell and segmented annular thermoelectric generator (SOFC/ SATEG)

A novel hybrid system integrating solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and segmented annular thermoelectric generator (SATEG) is proposed for enhanced performance. This study employs advanced numerical simulations and finite element analysis to explore the dynamic behavior and assess various parameters' impacts within this innovative system. The numerical methods undergo cross-validation by incorporating analytical and experimental data derived from existing literature. The research reveals that segmented configurations, which combine high-temperature materials (skutterudites) on the hot side and low-temperature materials (bismuth tellurides) on the cold side, outperform non-segmented setups in terms of power generation and thermoelectric efficiency. Moreover, the study emphasizes the crucial role of cell voltage in determining fuel cell efficiency and highlights the importance of tailored thermoelectric materials for specific temperature ranges. At an operating temperature of 900 degrees C and a cell voltage of 0.7, the segmented configuration boasts an approximately 76 % higher thermoelectric efficiency compared to its non-segmented counterpart. Additionally, the investigation explores the influence of height ratios within the segmented thermoelectric generator, demonstrating the need for customizing design parameters to optimize performance. Furthermore, the study delves into the effects of altering cathode and anode inlet velocities on key parameters. Increasing the anode inlet velocity enhances SOFC power density and efficiency, while higher cathode inlet velocities boost thermoelectric power generation and SATEG conversion efficiency. In summary, this research contributes valuable insights into the design and optimization of hybrid SOFC/SATEG systems, highlighting the advantages of segmented configurations and the importance of tailoring system parameters to specific operating conditions.